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初中英语复习资料:使役动词的用法

3.0 2024-08-29 3 0 16.99KB 6 页 6库币 海报
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1使役动词 have, let, make (常用于复合结构)
1. have 的用法
1)have +宾语+do(省略 to 的不定式):表示主语“要”“使”
“让”宾语干某事,宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。The rich
lady had the singer eat with her servants.这位富有的女士让
这位歌手和她的仆人一起吃饭。I will have him come and help
you.我会让他来帮助你的。2)have+宾语+现在分词:表示让某人或
物连续进行某动作或处于某状态中,宾语和宾补是一种主动关系。
The two cheats had the lights burning all night long.这两个
骗子让灯整晚亮着。He had us waiting for him three hours
yesterday.昨天他让我们一直等了他三个小时。I have them all
talking to each other in English.我鼓励他们用英语交谈。
3)have +宾语+过去分词:表示主语的主观意志,即主语让别人为
自己完成某事,宾语和宾补是动宾关系,还可以表示主语遭受到来
利或不测的事。Tom said he had had his TV set repaired.汤姆
修了他的电视机。(别人修的)Tom had his wallet stolen on
the bus yesterday.昨天汤姆使他的钱包被偷了。(别人偷
的)4)have+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语作宾补 Please have
your tickets ready.请准备好你的票。The Emperor had nothing
on.这位皇帝什么都没在做。I am sure I’ll have him in the
argument.2. let 的用法 1)let +宾语+do(省 to 不定式):表示
主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事,宾语和宾补之间是一种主动
关系。Let them stay in the classroom and do their exercises
themselves.让他们自己待在教室里做练习吧。Let AB be equal to
CD.假设 AB 等于 CD.2)let+宾语+副词/介词短语作宾补 Let me in
and let them out.让我进来,让他们出去。Who let you into the
building?谁让你进到大楼里来的?3. make 的用法 1)make +宾语
+do(省 to 不定式):表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事,
宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。此结构常用被动结构。The
teacher made the naughty boy stand there for an hour.老师让
这个调皮的男孩在那里站了一个小时。The naughty boy was made
to stand there for an hour.这个调皮的男孩被让在那站了一个小
时。2)make+宾语+过去分词,此结构中的宾语指人时常用到反身代
词。He raised his voice to make himself heard.他提高嗓音让
自己被听到。They will make an important plan known to the
public soon.他们不久就会让公众知道这个计划。3)make+宾语+形
容词,宾语亦可是从句。The news made her happy.这个消息使她
快乐。He made it clear that he objected to the proposal.他
明确表明他反对这个建议。
2使役意义状态动词 get, leave, set, send, keep, drive, etc.
用于复合结构中)
1. get:使成为/变得某种状态或结果。
I can’t get the old radio to work.我无法让那旧收音机作起
来。(接带 to 不定式作宾补)Can you really get that old car
going again?你真能让那旧车运转起来?The farmer got his
planting done before the rain came.那农民雨季前完成了种
He got his wrist broken.他折断了手。(主语发生了不
事)She soon got the children ready for school.她迅速使孩子
们做好了上学准备。2. leave:使保持/处于某种状态 Leave your
hat and coat in the hall.把帽子和外套放在大里。Did you
leave the doors and windows firmly fastened?你把门窗紧紧锁
?Always leave things where you can find them again.
应把东西放能再次找到的地方。Who left that window open?谁
窗户开着?Don’t leave him waiting outside in the rain.别
让他在外面雨中等待。Leave somebody / something alone.不要干
某人或某事。3. set:使某人或某物处于或到某种特殊的状态
或关系 set somebody at his ease 使某人安逸/舒适/心情放松 set
something in order 使某物井然set somebody free / at
liberty 使某人得自由,释放人等)It’s time we set the
machine going. 是我们动机的时了。The news set me
thinking. 这消息使我陷入沉思。He set the farm laborer to
chop wood. 他让农场工人去砍伐木材。I have set myself to
finish the job by the end of May. 我决心五月底前完成那
作。set a thief to catch a thief. 以毒攻毒;令贼捉贼 4.
send:使某人或某物急剧地移The earthquake sent the
crockery and cutlery crashing to the ground.地震将杯盘刀叉
震落地上Mind how you go----you nearly sent me flying.
心点,差点将撞飞了.Send that fellow about his business
/ packing. 家伙滚蛋.The good harvest sent the prices
down. 收使物价下跌.5. drive:使某人处于某状态,使某人做
某事 Failure drove him to despair / desperation. 失败使他
You’ll drive me mad / to my wits’end. 你会气疯的。
/ 你会使我穷尽应付的。Hunger drove him to steal. = He was
driven by hunger to steal.他为饥饿所迫而6. keep:使某
人或某物保持某种状态 You should keep the children quiet. 你
要使孩子们静下来。The cold weather kept us indoors. 寒冷
使我们待在里。If your hands are cold, keep them in
your pockets. 果你手把它口袋里。Will they keep
me in prison / custody. 他们会监禁/拘留?I’m sorry
I’ve kept you waiting. 很报歉让你久等了。The doctors
managed to keep me going. 医生们设法让我活下去。
3使役意义动态动词
1. cause 使,导致能接宾语,双宾语,复合宾语)
What caused his death? 什么导致了他的死亡?This has caused
us much anxiety. 这我们来了大的忧虑。What caused the
plants to die.(=what made them die.)什么使得这些植枯死
He caused the prisoner to be put to death. (=he had them
put to death.)他使得这些犯人被处2. force 使,强迫
(宾语介词短语副词不定式等)force one’s way
through a crowd 从人出一条路来.force a way in / out /
through 冲入/出/过 force an entry into a building 行进
一建force the war upon him 强迫某人作force someone
into doing something 强迫某人做某事 force sb./ oneself to
work hard 使某人/自己努力工
4使役动词”amaze, astonish
1. 常使役动词
amaze(使某人惊呀, astonish(使某人惊奇,bore
(使某人厌倦, complicate(使某人到复,confuse
(使某人迷惑, disappoint (使某人失望,delight
(使某人到高, discourage(使某人
,distinguish(使某人显著, excite (使某人
,encourage(使某人到鼓, exhaust (使某人
,frighten(使某人恐惧, interest (使某人到有
,inspire(使某人刺激, move(使某人
动),please(使某人到高, puzzle(使某人到不
,satisfy(使某人意), surprise(使某人
,shock(使某人震惊, strike (使某人
动),tire(使某人疲惫, upset (使某人迷惑,
等等。2. 使役动词的主动式用法:something + vt. +
somebodyThe exam result satisfied his parents.考试结果
父母很满意。The boy’s behavior upset everybody around.这
个男孩的行为使周围个人都很沮丧3. 使役动词有两个或三
派生形容词,一个加-ing,一个加-ed,有时还有一个加其后缀
成。:interest----interesting, interested;astonish----
astonishing, astonished;please----pleasing, pleased,
pleasant;satisfy----satisfying, satisfied, satisfactory.4.
使役动词的 v-ing 和 v-ed 两个分词形容词的用法规律,一
而言,作定语时,v-ing 分词形容词修事物,v-ed 分词形容词修
人或人的心理活作表语或宾语补语时,v-ing
分词形容词指事,v-ed 分词形容词指人或人用法,而且作表语的
v-ed 分词后接事时常有一个介词,The film we saw last
night was very interesting.我们昨天晚上看的电影非常有。We
were all interested in the film.我们都对这影感兴趣。The
frightening hurricane made the girl very frightened.
飓风使这个女孩害怕。The teacher was satisfied with
the answer of his students.这位老师对他学生们的回答感意。

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摘要:

1使役动词have,let,make(常用于复合结构)1.have的用法1)have+宾语+do(省略to的不定式):表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事,宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。Therichladyhadthesingereatwithherservants.这位富有的女士让这位歌手和她的仆人一起吃饭。Iwillhavehimcomeandhelpyou.我会让他来帮助你的。2)have+宾语+现在分词:表示让某人或物连续进行某动作或处于某状态中,宾语和宾补是一种主动关系。Thetwocheatshadthelightsburningallnightlong.这两个骗子让灯整晚亮着。...

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